- Common name:
- Wood Apple
- Regional name:
- Hindi - Kowit, Bengali - Kathbel, Gujarati - Kavit, Kannada - Bela, Malayalam - Vila, Marathi - Kavat, Punjabi - Bilin, Sanskrit - Kainta, Tamil - Vilanga, Telugu - Velaga, Urdu - Kaitha
- Category:
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Fruit Plants, Trees, Vegetable, Medicinal Plants
- Family:
- Rutaceae or Lemon family
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Introduction
The Wood Apple tree, scientifically known as Limonia acidissima, is a tropical fruit-bearing tree native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is known for its hard-shelled fruit and numerous health benefits.
Plantation
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Site Selection: Wood Apple trees prefer well-draining, loamy soil with a pH of 6 to 7. Choose a sunny location with ample space to accommodate the tree's mature size.
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Propagation: Wood Apple trees can be propagated from seeds, which can be extracted from the fruit. Seeds should be sown in a seedbed or pots filled with a well-draining soil mix. Germination typically occurs within 3-4 weeks.
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Transplanting: Once seedlings reach a height of 1-2 feet, they can be transplanted to their permanent location. Plant the trees at least 20-25 feet apart to allow for proper growth.
Growing
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Watering: Water the Wood Apple tree regularly, especially during the first few years after planting. Ensure that the soil remains consistently moist, but avoid over-watering as this can lead to root rot.
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Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10) once or twice a year to promote healthy growth. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's recommended application rate.
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Pruning: Regular pruning helps maintain the tree's shape and encourages fruit production. Remove dead, damaged, or crowded branches annually.
Care
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Pest and Disease Management: Common pests include mealybugs, scales, and mites. Use appropriate insecticides to control infestations. Fungal diseases can be prevented by maintaining proper air circulation and avoiding over-watering.
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Harvesting: Wood Apple fruits are typically ready to harvest 9-10 months after flowering. Harvest the fruits when their hard shell turns from green to yellow-brown.
Benefits
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Health Benefits: Wood Apple is rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. It is known to aid digestion, boost immunity, and provide relief from constipation and diarrhea.
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Culinary Uses: The fruit pulp can be used to make jams, chutneys, and beverages. It can also be consumed raw or added to various sweet and savory dishes.
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Medicinal Uses: The fruit, leaves, and bark of the Wood Apple tree have been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, such as digestive disorders, respiratory problems, and skin diseases.
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Other Uses: The hard shell of the fruit can be used as a natural container, and the wood is valued for its durability in construction and furniture making.
